The two numbers
Blood pressure is written as systolic / diastolic — for example, 120/80 mmHg.
- Systolic (top number): the pressure when your heart beats.
- Diastolic (bottom number): the pressure between beats.
What ranges mean for adults
| Category | Systolic | Diastolic | |---|---|---| | Normal | < 120 | < 80 | | Elevated | 120–129 | < 80 | | High (Stage 1) | 130–139 | 80–89 | | High (Stage 2) | ≥ 140 | ≥ 90 | | Hypertensive crisis | > 180 | > 120 |
How to measure correctly at home
- Rest quietly for 5 minutes first. No coffee or exercise in the last 30 minutes.
- Sit upright with back supported, feet flat, arm resting at heart height.
- Cuff goes on bare skin, snug but not tight.
- Stay still and silent during the reading.
- Take two readings one minute apart and record both.
When to call us
- Two consecutive readings above 140/90 over a week.
- Headache, vision changes, or chest discomfort with high readings.
- Any single reading above 180/120 — call us or go to the ER.
What helps lower it
- Reduce salt to under 2,300 mg/day.
- Move your body 30 minutes most days — even walking counts.
- Limit alcohol to one drink a day or less.
- Sleep 7–8 hours a night.
- If your doctor prescribed medication, take it daily at the same time.